Giant Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma of the Mediastinum.

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All Authors

Khan, JA.
Aleem, MU.
Alhawiti, T.
Nardini, M.
Broggi, G.
Magro, G.
Migliore, M.

LTHT Author

Nardini, Marco

LTHT Department

Thoracic Surgery

Non Medic

Publication Date

2026

Item Type

Case Reports Journal Article

Language

Subject

SARCOMA , DISEASE-FREE SURVIVAL , SURGICAL PROCEDURES, OPERATIVE , THORACIC SURGERY , MEDIASTINAL NEOPLASMS

Subject Headings

Abstract

AIM: Soft tissue sarcomas are rare, accounting for only 1% of adult malignancies, with liposarcoma being a common subtype. However, mediastinal liposarcomas are extremely uncommon, comprising less than 1% of cases. Dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS) is a particularly aggressive variant, characterized by a transition from well-differentiated to high-grade non-lipogenic sarcoma. Due to its rarity and often asymptomatic nature until significant progression, mediastinal DDLPS presents a unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. CASE PRESENTATION: An 83-year-old woman with ischemic heart disease presented with progressive dyspnea over two months. Imaging revealed a giant, well-circumscribed mediastinal mass (21 x 23 x 25 cm), occupying 80% of the thoracic cavity and causing significant pulmonary compression and mediastinal shift. A multidisciplinary tumor board recommended surgical resection. RESULTS: Initial uniportal video-assisted thoracic surgery exploration confirmed no pleural invasion. This was followed by a posterolateral thoracotomy for complete tumor excision. The patient recovered without complications. Histopathology confirmed DDLPS with complex histological architecture, including both well-differentiated and dedifferentiated sarcomatous components. The patient is disease-free three years postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: Our case report emphasizes the requirement of a multidisciplinary approach to treat massive chest malignancy. Complete surgical resection remains the gold standard to obtain long-term survival. ©

Journal

Annali Italiani di Chirurgia