Refractory status epilepticus arrested by vagus nerve stimulation

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All Authors

Mehboob,Sadaf
Sureshkumar,Soorya Mukkadayil
Fernandes,Linford
Wright,Elizabeth
Ray,Munni
Goodden,John
Maguire,Melissa

LTHT Author

Mehboob, Sadaf
Sureshkumar, Soorya Mukkadayil
Fernandes, Linford
Wright, Elizabeth
Ray, Munni
Goodden, John
Maguire, Melissa

LTHT Department

Neurosciences
Neurology
Neurophysiology
Neurosurgery

Non Medic

Adult Epilepsy Specialist Nurse

Publication Date

2024

Item Type

Article

Language

Subject

Subject Headings

Abstract

A 54-year-old man developed altered mental state and generalised tonic-clonic seizures after 1 week of upper respiratory tract symptoms and diarrhoea, having been previously well. His MR scan of brain showed multifocal progressive T2 cortical signal changes. He was diagnosed with new-onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE), initially treated as being secondary to autoimmune/paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis, although subsequent investigations were negative. His seizures and electrographic epileptiform activity continued despite escalating doses of antiseizure medications, immunosuppression with corticosteroids, immunoglobulins, plasma exchange and rituximab, and thereafter anaesthetic agents. A vagus nerve stimulator (VNS) was implanted 6 weeks after admission and its voltage rapidly increased over 4 days; his seizure activity resolved in the third week after VNS implantation. This case highlights the role of VNS in the early management of NORSE.

Journal

Practical Neurology