Failure of Fixation in Trochanteric Hip Fractures: Does Nail Design Matter?.

Davidson, A.; Giannoudis P.V.

Failure of Fixation in Trochanteric Hip Fractures: Does Nail Design Matter?.

All Authors

Davidson, A.

Giannoudis P.V.

LTHT Author

Giannoudis, Peter V

LTHT Department

NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre

Publication Date

2023

Item Type

Article

Abstract

Objective:The objective of this study was to compare clinical outcomes of patients with trochanteric hip fractures treated with specific different cephalomedullary nail (CMN) designs. Method(s):A scoping review of the English literature was performed. Inclusion criteria were studies comparing perioperative and postoperative outcomes of trochanteric hip fractures fixated by CMNs for one of the following CMN designs: short versus long nails, blade versus screw fixation, dual versus single lag screw fixation, and application of cement augmentation. Inclusion criteria consisted of human comparative clinical trials (randomized and observational). Exclusion criteria included noncomparative studies, studies comparing CMN with non-CMN devices or with arthroplasty, studies with less than 3 months follow-up, studies that did not provide relevant clinical outcome measures, biomechanical, finite element analyses, animal, or in vitro publications. Data regarding reoperations, peri-implant fractures, mechanical failure, nonunion, infection rates, and functional outcomes were reviewed. Result(s):Twenty-two studies met the inclusion criteria and formed the basis of this study. Failure of fixation rates and reoperation rates for each of the nail designs selected for evaluation is presented, in addition to specific outcome measures relevant to that nail design which was explored: peri-implant fracture - short versus long nails, and specific mechanism of failure - blade versus plate. Conclusion(s):Decreased failure of fixation and reoperations rates were found for integrated dual lag screw fixation. Similar fixation failure and reoperation rates were found for the long versus short nails and for blade versus screw fixation. Level of Evidence:Diagnostic, Level IV.