Clinical and functional outcomes in patients with distal tibial fracture treated by circular external fixation: A retrospective cohort study.
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All Authors
Giannoudis, V.P.
Ewins E.
Taylor D.M.
Foster P.
Harwood P.
LTHT Author
Taylor, Martin
Foster, Patrick
Harwood, Paul
Foster, Patrick
Harwood, Paul
LTHT Department
Trauma & Related Services
Orthopaedics
Orthopaedics
Non Medic
Publication Date
2021
Item Type
Article
Language
Subject
Subject Headings
Abstract
Aims and objectives: To examine clinical and functional outcomes in patients with intra- and extra-articular distal tibial fractures treated definitively by Ilizarov fixation. Material(s) and Method(s): Patients with tibial fractures extending within 1 Muller square of the ankle joint were identified from our Ilizarov database over a 5-year period. Data on treatment and outcome were assembled from this database and supplemented by a review of patient records. General measures of health-related quality of life and limb-specific functional outcome scores were recorded. Adverse events were documented according to Paley's classification. Result(s): One hundred and sixty-eight patients with 169 fractures were identified, 28% were open and 63% intra-articular. One hundred and sixty-five (98%) of the fractures united, two following bone grafting in their original frames, at a median of 166.5 days (range 104-537). Three patients with nonunions united with further treatment. One patient (an end-stage diabetic) elected to undergo amputation following multiple early complications during treatment. Closed fractures united more rapidly than open (median 157 vs 183 days; p = 0.005) and true Pilon (43C3) fractures took longer to unite than other fractures (median 157 vs 177 days; p = 0.01). Sixty-seven percent of patients completed functional outcome scores. Sixty-two percent reported good or excellent ankle scores at more than 6 months post frame removal, 38% fair and 10% poor. Patients with intra-articular fractures reported significantly worse ankle scores than those with extra-articular injuries. General measures of health-related quality of life (EuroQol-5D) revealed significant ongoing effects despite good clinical outcomes. Conclusion(s): This study demonstrates a high union and low serious complication rate, suggesting that external ring fixation is a safe and effective treatment for these injuries.
Journal
Strategies in Trauma and Limb Reconstruction